TikTok como plataforma para la campaña política negativa: Análisis comparado de candidatos presidenciales en Brasil, Chile y Colombia
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Resumen
Este estudio analiza las campañas políticas negativas en TikTok a través de las cuentas oficiales de seis candidatos presidenciales de Brasil, Chile y Colombia: Jair Bolsonaro, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Gabriel Boric, José Antonio Kast, Rodolfo Hernández y Gustavo Petro. Se realizó un análisis de contenido comparativo de todas las publicaciones realizadas por los candidatos durante sus últimas campañas electorales, abarcando un total de 759 unidades de análisis. La investigación se centra en la frecuencia de los mensajes negativos, su variabilidad según la orientación ideológica, la dimensión en la que se producen los ataques (personal o política) y los temas empleados para manchar la reputación del oponente. Los resultados muestran que TikTok actúa como plataforma propicia para la campaña negativa, evidenciando que la frecuencia y el tipo de mensajes negativos varían significativamente entre candidatos. Además, los estudios de caso ponen de relieve notables diferencias en el uso y la naturaleza de los mensajes negativos en TikTok según la ideología de los candidatos.
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