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Análisis psicométrico de una escala para medir la intención de deserción universitaria: un estudio piloto

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  • Aaron-Javier Euan-Catzin,
  • Pedro-José Canto-Herrera
Aaron-Javier Euan-Catzin
Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán
Pedro-José Canto-Herrera
Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

Publicado 20-11-2025

Palabras clave

  • Confiabilidad,
  • Deserción escolar,
  • Enseñanza superior,
  • Medición,
  • Validez

Derechos de autor 2025 Revista Panamericana de Pedagogía

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

Cómo citar

Euan-Catzin, A.-J., & Canto-Herrera, P.-J. (2025). Análisis psicométrico de una escala para medir la intención de deserción universitaria: un estudio piloto. Revista Panamericana De Pedagogía, 41. https://doi.org/10.21555/rpp.3588
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Europe PMC

Resumen

El presente estudio, realizado en Yucatán, México, tiene el objetivo de traducir y analizar algunas propiedades psicométricas de la Escala para medir la intención de deserción de Bäulke et al. (2022). Se realizó un estudio piloto instrumental, transversal y correlacional con 71 estudiantes de diversas carreras de universidades del estado de Yucatán. El instrumento se tradujo al español con apoyo de un experto y se evaluó preeliminarmente la validez convergente. La confiabilidad se estimó con el alfa de Cronbach y el Omega de McDonald. Los resultados muestran correlaciones positivas y estadísticamente significativas con las cinco dimensiones del instrumento: percepción de no encajar (r = .406; p = < .001), pensamientos sobre desertar ( r = .476; p = < .001), análisis (r = .544; p = < .001), búsqueda de información ( r = .540; p = < .001) y decisión final ( r = .473; p = < .001),  así como con la puntuación total (r = .570; p = < .001). Se observan correlaciones inversas y estadísticamente significativas con la motivación ( r = -.326; p = < .01) y la autoeficacia académica ( r = .436; p = < .001). El instrumento muestra una consistencia interna adecuada en todas sus dimensiones (α = .829 - .969; ω = .827 - .970) y la escala general (ω = .959). Los resultados son valiosos para orientar la medición del fenómeno en el contexto y muestran la pertinencia de realizar futuras investigaciones que consideren muestras de mayor tamaño y diversidad.

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