Núm. 50 (2016): Enero - junio
Artículos

Evidencia y neurociencias cognitivas: El caso de la resonancia magnética funcional

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  • A. Nicolás Venturelli,
  • M. Itatí Branca
A. Nicolás Venturelli
UNC / CONICET
M. Itatí Branca
UNC / CONICET
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21555/top.v0i50.721

Publicado 2015-12-20

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Venturelli, A. N., & Branca, M. I. (2015). Evidencia y neurociencias cognitivas: El caso de la resonancia magnética funcional. Tópicos, Revista De Filosofía, (50), 177–207. https://doi.org/10.21555/top.v0i50.721
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La resonancia magnética funcional es una de las técnicas de neuroimagen más difundidas en las neurociencias cognitivas. Su influencia tuvo un rol central en la configuración del aspecto experimental de este campo. Frente a esto, consideramos que su estatus como evidencia no ha sido suficientemente discutido en la literatura filosófica. En este trabajo nos centramos sobre este punto abordando el problema clásico de definir el alcance que puede tener la estrategia localizacionista en neurociencias. Atendemos al modo en que este problema se manifiesta hoy, tomando algunos ejemplos recientes de abordajes neurocientíficos caracterizados por estudiar el carácter dinámico de la actividad a gran escala en el cerebro. Tomamos en cuenta un número de limitaciones que presenta la resonancia magnética funcional, distinguiendo aquellas cuyo tratamiento pone en juego problemáticas de una índole no meramente técnica. A partir del análisis de algunas maneras en que los investigadores les hacen frente, sostenemos que existe una medida importante en que este tipo de estudios de neuroimagen pueden ser orientados sobre la base de supuestos y consideraciones teóricas generales. Concluimos que esta particular permeabilidad teórica de la resonancia magnética funcional es un factor central que incide sobre su estatus como evidencia neurocientífica.

 

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