Vol. 4 Núm. 2 (2024): julio-diciembre
Artículos

¿Es mi profesión vocacional? Aportes de la psicología para comprender la relación entre la profesión y la identidad

PDF
  • Jorge L. Villacís
Jorge L. Villacís
Universidad de Navarra
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21555/cya.v4.i2.3219

Publicado 2024-12-04

Palabras clave

Cómo citar

Villacís, J. L. (2024). ¿Es mi profesión vocacional? Aportes de la psicología para comprender la relación entre la profesión y la identidad. Conocimiento Y Acción, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.21555/cya.v4.i2.3219

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Resumen

Este artículo busca responder a la pregunta de qué es una profesión vocacional, o más concretamente, a qué se refiere la psicología cuando aplica el adjetivo “vocacional” al proceso de elegir una profesión. En primer lugar, se hará una exposición breve de las principales teorías en psicología sobre la identidad y la elección de carrera. En dichas teorías el término “vocacional” denota un ajuste entre la persona (los intereses y habilidades individuales) y el entorno (el ambiente de trabajo y las aptitudes requeridas en este). En segundo lugar, se mostrará que un aspecto poco estudiado en las teorías de elección y desarrollo de carrera es el aspecto moral. Esto se entiende como la motivación a ejercer la profesión con una orientación prosocial (cuidar-atender a las personas). Este artículo sugiere que la relación entre el ajuste vocacional y la motivación moral en el ejercicio profesional ofrece interesantes posibilidades a la investigación empírica. 

PDF

Citas

  1. Allers, R. (1940). Character education in adolescence. Wagner.
  2. Allport, G. W. (1980). La personalidad: Su configuración y desarrollo (7a ed.). Herder Editorial.
  3. Arthur, J., & Earl, S. (2020). Character in the professions: How virtue informs practice. Research report. University of Birmingham. https://www.jubileecentre.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Professions_Report.pdf
  4. Arthur, J., Earl, S. R., Thompson, A. P., & Ward, J. W. (2021). The value of character-based judgement in the professional domain. Journal of Business Ethics, 169(2), 293-308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04269-7
  5. Bebeau, M. J., & Thoma, S. J. (2013). Moral motivation in different professions. In K. Heinrichs, F. K. Oser, & T. Lovat (Eds.), Handbook of moral motivation (pp. 475-498). Springer.
  6. Blond, P., Antonacopoulou, E., & Pabst, A. (2015). In professions we trust fostering virtuous practitioners in teaching, law and medicine. ResPublica Trust; The Jubille Centre for Character and Virtues. https://www.jubileecentre.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/In-Professions-We-Trust.pdf
  7. Burbules, N. C. (2020). Phronesis y complejidad. Teoria de la Educacion, 32(1), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.14201/teri.20846
  8. Carr, D. (2014). Professionalism, profession and professional conduct: Towards a basic logical and ethical geography. In S. Billett, C. Harteis, & H. Gruber (Eds.), International handbook of research in professional and practice-based learning (pp. 5-27). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8902-8_1
  9. Cô, J. E., & Levine, C. (1988). A critical examination of the ego identity status paradigm. Developmental Review, 8(2), 147-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2297(88)90002-0
  10. Darnell, C., Fowers, B. J., & Kristjánsson, K. (2022). A multifunction approach to assessing Aristotelian phronesis (practical wisdom). Personality and Individual Differences, 196, 111684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111684
  11. De Caro, M., & Vaccarezza, M. S. (2021). Practical wisdom: Philosophical and Psychological Perspectives. Routledge. https://books.google.es/books?id=QL4sEAAAQBAJ
  12. Dik, B. J., & Duffy, R. D. (2009). Calling and vocation at work: Definitions and prospects for research and practice. The Counseling Psychologist, 37(3), 424-450. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000008316430
  13. Dobrow, S. R., Weisman, H., Heller, D., & Tosti-Kharas, J. (2023). Calling and the good life: A meta-analysis and theoretical extension. Administrative Science Quarterly, 68(2), 508-550. https://doi.org/10.1177/00018392231159641
  14. Donati, P., & Ruiz, P. G. (2006). Repensar la sociedad: el enfoque relacional. Ediciones Internacionales Universitarias.
  15. Duffy, R. D., Dik, B. J., Douglass, R., England, J. W., & Velez, B. L. (2018). Work as a calling: A theoretical model. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 65(4), 423-439. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000276
  16. Erikson, E. H. (1956). The problem of ego identity. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 4(1), 56-121. https://doi.org/10.1177/000306515600400104
  17. Erikson, E. H. (1963). Childhood and society. W. W. Norton & Co.
  18. Erikson, E. H. (1994). Identity: Youth and Crisis. W. W. Norton & Co.
  19. Fowers, B. J. (2010). Instrumentalism and psychology: Beyond using and being used. Theory & Psychology, 20(1), 102-124. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959354309346080
  20. González, A. M. (2021). Descubrir el nombre: Subjetividad, identidad, socialidad. Comares.
  21. Hirschi, A. (2012). Callings and work engagement: Moderated mediation model of work meaningfulness, occupational identity, and occupational self-efficacy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 59(3), 479-485. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028949
  22. Hoff, K. A., Song, Q. C., Wee, C. J. M., Phan, W. M. J., & Rounds, J. (2020). Interest fit and job satisfaction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103503
  23. Holland, J. L. (1997). Making vocational choices: A theory of vocational personalities and work environments (3.a ed.). Psychological Assessment Resources.
  24. Holland, J. L., Johnston, J. A., & Asama, N. F. (1993). The vocational identity scale: A diagnostic and treatment tool. Journal of Career Assessment, 1(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1177/106907279300100102
  25. Kristjánsson, K. (2013). Virtues and vices in positive psychology: A philosophical critique. Cambridge University Press.
  26. Kristjánsson, K. (2015). Phronesis as an ideal in professional medical ethics: some preliminary positionings and problematics. Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, 36(5), 299-320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11017-015-9338-4
  27. Kristjánsson, K. (2022). Teaching phronesis to aspiring police officers: some preliminary philosophical, developmental and pedagogical reflections. International Journal of Ethics Education, 7(2), 289-305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40889-022-00145-7
  28. Kroger, J., & Marcia, J. E. (2011). The identity statuses: Origins, meanings, and interpretations. In S. J. Schwartz, K. Luyckx, & V. Vignoles (Eds.), Handbook of identity theory and research (pp. 31-53). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7988-9_2
  29. Lent, R. W., & Brown, S. D. (2019). Social cognitive career theory at 25: Empirical status of the interest, choice, and performance models. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2019.06.004
  30. Lent, R., Brown, S., & Hackett, G. (2002). Social cognitive career theory. In D. Brown & Associates (Eds.), Career choice and development (pp. 255-311). Jossey-Bass.
  31. Marcia, J. (1980). Identity in adolescence. In J. Adelson (Ed.), Handbook of adolescent psychology (pp. 159-187). Wiley.
  32. Mariani, M. (1999). Replace with a database: O*NET replaces the dictionary of occupational titles. Occupational outlook quarterly, 43, 2-9.
  33. McAdams, D. P., & McLean, K. C. (2013). Narrative identity. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(3), 233-238. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721413475622
  34. McCrae, R., & Costa, P. (1999). A five-factor theory of personality. En L. Pervin & O. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (2nd ed., pp. 139-153). Guilford Publications.
  35. McLoughlin, S., Pendrous, R., Henderson, E., & Kristjansson, K. (2023). Moral reasoning strategies and wise career decision making at school and university: Findings from a UK-representative sample. British Journal of Educational Studies, 71(4), 393-418. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071005.2023.2210653
  36. Miglianico, M., Dubreuil, P., Miquelon, P., Bakker, A. B., & Martin-Krumm, C. (2020). Strength Use in the Workplace: A Literature Review. Journal of Happiness Studies, 21(2), 737-764. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-019-00095-w
  37. Nauta, M. M. (2010). The development, evolution, and status of Holland’s theory of vocational personalities: Reflections and future directions for counseling psychology. Journal of counseling psychology, 57(1), 11-22. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018213
  38. Nillsen, C., Earl, J. K., Elizondo, F., & Wadlington, P. L. (2014). Do birds of a feather flock together? An examination of calling, congruence, job design and personality as predictors of job satisfaction and tenure. Journal of Beliefs and Values, 35(1), 10-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/13617672.2014.884845
  39. Nye, C. D., Su, R., Rounds, J., & Drasgow, F. (2017). Interest congruence and performance: Revisiting recent meta-analytic findings. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, 138-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.11.002
  40. Porfeli, E. J., Lee, B., Vondracek, F. W., & Weigold, I. K. (2011). A multi-dimensional measure of vocational identity status. Journal of Adolescence, 34(5), 853-871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.02.001
  41. Real Academia Española (s. f.). Vocación. Diccionario de la lengua española. https://dle.rae.es/vocaci%C3%B3n?m=form
  42. Savickas, M. L., & Baker, D. B. (2005). The history of vocational psychology: Antecedents, origin and early development. In M. L. Savickas & W. B. Walsh (Eds.), Handbook of vocational psychology. Theory, research, and practice (3.a ed., pp. 15-50). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  43. Schwartz, S., Luyckx, K., & Vignoles, V. L. (2011). Handbook of Identity Theory and Research. Springer New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7988-9
  44. Weigold, A., Weigold, I. K., Gregor, M. A., & Thornton, E. M. (2020). Factor structure of the vocational identity status assessment (VISA) in university, liberal arts, and community college students. Journal of Career Assessment, 29(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072720975278
  45. Wright, J. C., Warren, M. T., & Snow, N. E. (2021). Understanding virtue: Theory and measurement. Oxford University Press.
  46. Xu, Y., Liu, K., Chen, K., & Feng, M. (2023). How does person-environment fit relate to career calling? The role of psychological contracts and organizational career management. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 1597-1614. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S404374