Are indigenous people legitimate communities? A reflection from contemporary political philosophy due to the constitutional changes of 2024

Abstract

The following article addresses the way in which the definition of the term “indigenous people” presents a striking ambiguity, and this generates diverse political, legal and cultural implications throughout Mexican territory. This can make it difficult to guarantee the human rights of specific peoples, especially the right to autonomy and self-determination. Therefore, based on thinkers who have reflected on our country, as well as other authors of communitarian or liberal tradition, this text explores the challenge implied by the absence of a strategy that legally recognizes communities, legitimate political entities that have specific rights. In this sense, the main objective of the article is to contribute to clarifying the concept of “indigenous people” within a contemporary philosophical debate, promoting intercultural justice that ensures the rights of indigenous peoples in Mexico.